Intelligent Transportation Development Trends and Progress

The Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is the development direction of the future transportation system. It integrates advanced information technology, data communication transmission technology, electronic sensing technology, control technology, and computer technology into the entire ground traffic management. A comprehensive, real-time, accurate, and efficient integrated transportation management system that is built on a large scale and in a full range of functions.

The intelligent transportation system has the following two characteristics: First, it focuses on the extensive application and service of traffic information, and second, it focuses on improving the operating efficiency of existing transportation facilities. Compared with general technical systems, the overall requirements for the construction of intelligent transportation systems are more stringent. This wholeness is reflected in: (1) Cross-industry characteristics. The construction of intelligent transportation systems involves numerous industry fields and is a complex and massive system project that is widely involved in society, thus causing complex inter-industry coordination issues. (2) Characteristics of technical fields. The intelligent transportation system integrates the achievements in many fields of science such as traffic engineering, information engineering, control engineering, communication technology, and computer technology, and requires technical personnel in many fields to work together. (3) The government, enterprises, research institutes and colleges and universities participate together. The proper role positioning and task sharing are important prerequisites for the effective deployment of the system. (4) The intelligent transportation system will be mainly supported by next-generation information technologies such as mobile communications, broadband networks, RFID, sensors, and cloud computing. It will be more in line with people's application needs, and the degree of trust will increase and become "ubiquitous."

Foreign development

Traffic safety, traffic congestion and environmental pollution are three major problems that plague today's international transportation sector, with the most serious problems being traffic safety. With the use of intelligent transportation technology to improve the level of road management, the number of deaths per year in traffic accidents can be reduced by more than 30%, and the use efficiency of transportation can be improved by more than 50%. For this reason, various developed countries in the world have invested large amounts of funds and manpower to carry out large-scale intelligent traffic technology research experiments. Many developed countries have moved from the research and testing of the system to the full deployment phase. The intelligent transportation system will be the mainstream of transportation development in the 21st century. This system can increase the existing road usage by 15% to 30%.

The United States, Europe, and Japan are the best countries in the world for the development and application of intelligent transportation systems. From the perspective of their development, the development of intelligent transportation systems is not limited to solving problems such as traffic jams, traffic accidents, and traffic pollution. After more than 30 years of development, great achievements have been made in the development and application of ITS. The developed countries such as the United States, Europe, and Japan basically completed the ITS system framework and applied them in large-scale development areas. It can be said that the advancement of science and technology has greatly promoted the development of transportation, and the proposal and implementation of ITS has provided a broad space for development of high-tech development.

As early as 1986, the California State Department of Transportation, the University of California, Berkeley, and other research institutes and companies jointly launched the California Advanced Transportation and Motorway Partnership Program (PATH, Partners for Advanced Transit and Highways). The goal of the program is to apply advanced technology to increase the capacity and safety of highways and reduce traffic congestion, air pollution and energy consumption. The program has three main areas of focus in the first few years, one of which is the automated road system. GM won a bid in the fall of 1994 to establish the National Association of Automated Road Systems (NAHSC) funded by the U.S. Department of Transportation. Regrettably, the U.S. Department of Transportation suspended the plan in 1997. The technical achievements obtained from the research were not disclosed to the public. Technological progress was limited to those who participated in the plan. However, the PATH program in California was not suspended. The PATH program in California, California, is the only research program for all intelligent transportation systems that conducts comprehensive and long-term investment in automated highways. In 2011, it merged with the California Center for Innovative Transportation to become new. PATH plan.

Japan has established the Smartway plan and the Smartcar plan. The purpose of the plan is to create an efficient and safe access environment for the comprehensive automation of highway system technology. In the envisaged, this road will be: There are advanced communication facilities to continuously send all kinds of traffic information to the vehicles, all the toll stations do not need to pay for parking, can pass at a faster speed, and roads and vehicles can be highly coordinated. The road provides the necessary information for the vehicle to drive automatically. It is expected that through the promotion of the Smartway and Smartcar plans, Japan will greatly improve the safety and unimpededness of roads and expand the space for safe and comfortable activities.

Dubai recently launched the "Smart Dubai" strategic plan, saying that Dubai will be built into the world's smartest city in the next three years. The plan includes 100 initiatives and plans to provide 1,000 intelligent government services, including six areas: smart life, intelligent transportation, smart society, smart economy, intelligent management and smart environment. Among them, the Dubai Transportation Authority (RTA) announced that it will withdraw more than 170 smart services and deliver “convenient” and “efficient” to the public. At that time, regardless of residents or visitors, you can learn about and easily implement self-service through web pages, mobile clients, and tablet computers. These services will be available in Arabic, English and Hindi languages. Users can postpone driving licences online, recharge SALIK cards online, pay parking fees and fines, and purchase water bus tickets in advance.

Domestic development

The intelligent transportation industry in China started in the 1990s and benefited from the country’s vigorous investment in highway infrastructure in recent years, the effective demand for intelligent traffic formation caused by urban road congestion and traffic problems, the rapid development of information technology, and the public’s support. With the positive impact of factors such as the improvement of travel efficiency and market requirements, the City Road Intelligent Transportation System, Urban Rail Intelligent Transportation System and Expressway Intelligent Transportation System have all experienced rapid development in recent years. However, compared with developed countries, the development level of China's intelligent transportation system is still in its infancy. Take the investment in intelligent transportation system of expressways in China as an example. Intelligent traffic construction accounts for only 2% of the total investment in the expressway, and 7% in foreign developed countries. There is still a big gap to 10%. It is expected that in the future, the construction of China's intelligent transportation system will reach the level of intelligent transportation investment in developed countries in the next 20 to 30 years, and the overall market will continue to show accelerated development in the future.