Soil moisture is an important component of soil, an important basic material for ecological agriculture construction, and also one of the basic factors that affect land productivity. All life activities of plants must have the participation of water. Water is a major component of plant cells and one of the main raw materials for photosynthesis in plants. Soil nutrients can only be absorbed by plants if they are dissolved in water. Most of the water absorbed by plants from the outside world, except for some of them participating in assimilation, is lost to the body through transpiration. So, what are the requirements for the cultivation of flowers on soil moisture?
According to the nature of the different flowers in the nature of the water needs there are obvious differences, so according to their different needs for water, divided into the following four categories:
1. Aquatic flowers Aquatic flowers live in water and its roots or underground stems can adapt to oxygen deficiency. Such as lotus, water lily and so on.
2. Wet flowers Wet flowers need to live in very humid places. In dry or relatively dry conditions, it often leads to death or malnutrition, such as daffodils and ferns.
3. Middle-flowered flowers need to grow in moist soil, and the growth period requires moderate moisture and air humidity. The vast majority of flowers fall into this category. Among them, some are more resistant to moisture, while others are quite tolerant to drought. Such as Magnolia grandiflora, oleander, Hypericum, spring, etc., like the more humid soil; Magnolia, purple magnolia, jellyfish, waxy plum, and other relatively early; Zhulan, Xiaoxiao, Du Fu like high air humidity Orchids, ferns, etc., require relative humidity above 80%.
4. Xerophila Flowers Xerophila flowers originate in areas with frequent or seasonal water shortages. During long-term historical development, changes in the structure of the plants have occurred to adapt to the dry environment, making them more pulpy, "Sweet" stems or leaves, as well as species with a strong root system. They can adapt to prolonged droughts such as cactus, sedum, tequila and so on. In spite of the difference between drought and wetness, flowers can also be harmful if there is insufficient water supply for a long period of time or if there is too much moisture in the soil. Especially for some potted flowers, excessive dryness or excessive temperature of potted soil may affect the growth of roots or Rotten roots cause the leaves to wither and fall off and even die.
After drought, due to lack of soil moisture in the crop, the roots of the plants are poorly grown. It is difficult to fully and effectively absorb water and fertilizers. It is prone to weak growth and yellowing of the above-ground part of the plants. In severe cases, dehydration of the lower branches and leaves of the plants and even the entire water deficit and wilting may occur. The phenomenon of defertilization; Under the condition of insufficient soil moisture, the fertilizer is not easily dissolved in the soil and is absorbed and used by the plants, resulting in excess accumulation and remaining in the soil, and then easily causing salt damage; cell growth is affected by uneven moisture, the plant body Poor physiological condition, easily infected by some bacteria. At the same time, under relatively hot and dry weather conditions, it is often beneficial to the development of some pests, breeding and invading plants, and eventually causing drought and pests and coexistence of the unbearable situation.
Commonly used pests that are harmful to crops under dry and hot conditions are aphids, leafhoppers, beet armyworms, thrips, whiteflies and other pests. Common diseases that are harmful to crops are virus disease and powdery mildew. Mold tobacco disease, blight, wilt disease, and deficiency syndrome (physiological disease). Therefore, when soil water content of flowers is monitored with a soil moisture tester, active prevention of drought and disaster reduction should be carried out. In addition, comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases of flower crops should be carried out in light of the pests and diseases that are easily seen in dry and hot environments. In addition, fertilizer types that are easily soluble should also be selected and applied in small amounts at the right time.
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