The speed reducer plays the role of matching speed and transmitting torque between the prime mover and the working machine or the actuator. The reducer is a relatively precise machine, and its purpose is to reduce the speed and increase the torque.
Although the author is an outsider in the robotics industry, from the beginning of last year to the present, the author visited and interviewed more than a dozen startup robot companies. He also knows about the situation of the reducer industry used by robots. In the past month, the author has studied the overall situation of the entire robot industry and has also done an in-depth analysis of the industry of servo motors. As a speed reducer for one of the three core components of the robot, wheat ear thought it necessary to make a simple combing for everyone. Of course there is also an analysis of the controller. Please look forward to ing.
What is a reducer?
The speed reducer plays the role of matching speed and transmitting torque between the prime mover and the working machine or the actuator. The reducer is a relatively precise machine, and its purpose is to reduce the speed and increase the torque. For example, in the field of robots, the speed reducer is mainly applied to the "joint" of the robot. The speed reducer can make the "joint" of the robot more flexible, changeable and flexible.
The status quo of the reducer market Japan's reducer technology is the most aggressive. When the industry has been overlord for many years, even the famous international "four major families of industrial robots" such as ABB, FANUC, Yaskawa, and Kuka have been using Japan's Nabtesco and HarmonicDrive. The two companies reducer. Domestic companies are also heavily using Japan, although the performance is really good enough, but it is really expensive to die. This also severely suppressed the profit margin of domestic industrial robots.
Then look down, the following is the key technology - price cycle. It is not just the plight of the domestic robot reducer industry. It is also a dilemma faced by Chinese companies in the modern high-tech equipment industry represented by CNC machine tools and robots.
It should be said that this issue is not only a problem of China's domestic RV reducer, but also a common problem that all Chinese companies are facing in attempting to independently manufacture advanced equipment. Where are these problems, where are the difficulties? What is the method of cracking?
Difficulties in two aspects Technical RV reducer, as a small, large gear ratio, zero backlash, ultra-high transmission / volume ratio reducer, is a pinnacle of the precision machinery industry, the reducer is entirely composed of high-precision components The gear meshes with each other and places high demands on material science, precision machining equipment, machining accuracy, assembly technology, and high-precision inspection technology.
All we can do now is to dismantle the decomposition analysis from the purchased product and carry out reverse engineering, knowing it completely but I don't know why.
The author gives you two small examples to help everyone understand this situation:
In the 18th century, the glass used in Europe was leading the world in glassware and optics because it had a uniform glass medium and ensured that the light would not refract in the medium without even density, affecting the optical performance. Craftsmen from other countries will always want to understand the reasons, but they have not been able to solve their mysteries. It wasn’t until the 20th century that this method was fully disclosed, that is, the constant heating of the glass in the heat, stirring constantly, and The angles and methods of stirring have their own special attention, but they do not know this, and it was difficult and breakthrough before.
There is also a true story that Suzuki Motorcycle, a well-known motorcycle manufacturer in Japan, has a joint venture manufacturing factory in China called Jiangmen Dachangjiang Suzuki Motorcycle Manufacturing Co., Ltd., which was established at the beginning of the construction of the Zhaoqing branch in China. A strange thing was encountered. One of their 250cc, 59hp motorcycle engines has only 55 horsepower in China, so the lost four horsepower didn't know where to go? The materials are the same. The production process is the same. It took a full year to implement TQM's rectification, and then slowly recovered the 4 horsepower differences. This involved a strict process specification. Quality control engineering is the place where industrial technology can't be sloppy.
Therefore, for the domestic RV reducer, it should be said that it can indeed be used, but its noise and heat is significantly higher than that of the imported brand Nabtesco's reducer, mechanical knows that the occurrence of noise and fever are some of them Poor gear meshing, excess friction and wear, internal stress, and machinery are not working in a normal working condition, such a mechanical life will not be long. Later they improved several times, reduced a lot, but still not reach the level of Nabo. Unlike electrical products, the failure and damage of mechanical components is not immediate, but a time-consuming process, even if it can be used now. No one can guarantee that after three months and six months of the year, whether it will be scrapped due to wear and tear, the cost of recalling or repairing thousands of products at that time would be daunting, so it is indeed not worth using.
2. The cost of manufacturing reducer equipment is very expensive, such as the United States Geller flat surface grinding machine, the inner surface of the hole with a round grinding, precision 0.5μ repositioning 0.3μ, said processing to 1μ, there is a grinding wheel library. The equivalent of RMB is close to ten million yuan. Without adequate production support, the amortization cost of his equipment was prohibitively high.
For this reason, the author looks for a segment of the reducer industry for everyone:
“I would like to ask if you have financed hundreds of millions of dollars. What are you planning to use?â€
"First of all, we have given loans to the suppliers who have defaulted on the payment of arrears and arrears of unpaid wages. Then we also bought a loan from Meghaler."
"What's left?"
The boss raised his head and spit a cigarette. "The rest, slowly..."
Although this paragraph is a bit funny, it reflects the true status quo of domestic reducers:
In fact, it is not only Mageler's grinding machine (magellan and Grinder flatbed grinders from Switzerland have long been known around the world. The brand's machine tools are recognized as the top machine tools and are known for their high chip rate and processing precision. Their versatility and versatility can satisfy turbines. Industry, automotive and aerospace, hydraulics, and energy sectors, as well as the day-to-day operations of machine manufacturing and tool manufacturing companies, wherever there are mechanical, ergonomic, and regulatory quality requirements This machine tool.) All equipment for production reducers, all managers must participate in the equipment amortization in a very small batch, the cost will not come. In contrast, the Nabtesco family almost monopolized the supply of gearboxes for large loads and large ratios of robots worldwide. No matter how much our batch is, it is only 1% of Nabo.
Therefore, this becomes a vicious cycle. The cost is worse than that of a foreign competitor with high performance but it is relatively cheap. The sales volume is certainly not high, and then it is impossible to realize the scale effect and achieve profitability. Without profit, there is no sufficient quantity without mass production. Resources for technological improvement Exploration and research and development, there is no way to form quality control without sufficient sales volume, and there is no way to improve technology and performance.
This is what we are talking about now, the technology-price cycle. It is not just the plight of the domestic robot reducer industry. It is also a dilemma faced by Chinese companies in the modern high-tech equipment industry represented by CNC machine tools and robots.
The method of cracking wheat spikes that the domestic reducer industry wants to break through, the next blood is positive, last week's wheat spike also said that the domestic servo motor breakthrough law:
1. At the national and enterprise level, investment resources and funds that do not include costs are required for research and development. This is also the most important;
2. Establish “Tsinghua Unisplendour†in the reducer industry when appropriate, open up the blood stream to the upstream and downstream of the industry chain;
3. Manufacturing giants reverse acquisition technology brand, similar to the United States to eat KUKA;
Chinese industrial practitioners still have a long way to go!
Although the author is an outsider in the robotics industry, from the beginning of last year to the present, the author visited and interviewed more than a dozen startup robot companies. He also knows about the situation of the reducer industry used by robots. In the past month, the author has studied the overall situation of the entire robot industry and has also done an in-depth analysis of the industry of servo motors. As a speed reducer for one of the three core components of the robot, wheat ear thought it necessary to make a simple combing for everyone. Of course there is also an analysis of the controller. Please look forward to ing.
What is a reducer?
The speed reducer plays the role of matching speed and transmitting torque between the prime mover and the working machine or the actuator. The reducer is a relatively precise machine, and its purpose is to reduce the speed and increase the torque. For example, in the field of robots, the speed reducer is mainly applied to the "joint" of the robot. The speed reducer can make the "joint" of the robot more flexible, changeable and flexible.
The status quo of the reducer market Japan's reducer technology is the most aggressive. When the industry has been overlord for many years, even the famous international "four major families of industrial robots" such as ABB, FANUC, Yaskawa, and Kuka have been using Japan's Nabtesco and HarmonicDrive. The two companies reducer. Domestic companies are also heavily using Japan, although the performance is really good enough, but it is really expensive to die. This also severely suppressed the profit margin of domestic industrial robots.
Then look down, the following is the key technology - price cycle. It is not just the plight of the domestic robot reducer industry. It is also a dilemma faced by Chinese companies in the modern high-tech equipment industry represented by CNC machine tools and robots.
It should be said that this issue is not only a problem of China's domestic RV reducer, but also a common problem that all Chinese companies are facing in attempting to independently manufacture advanced equipment. Where are these problems, where are the difficulties? What is the method of cracking?
Difficulties in two aspects Technical RV reducer, as a small, large gear ratio, zero backlash, ultra-high transmission / volume ratio reducer, is a pinnacle of the precision machinery industry, the reducer is entirely composed of high-precision components The gear meshes with each other and places high demands on material science, precision machining equipment, machining accuracy, assembly technology, and high-precision inspection technology.
All we can do now is to dismantle the decomposition analysis from the purchased product and carry out reverse engineering, knowing it completely but I don't know why.
The author gives you two small examples to help everyone understand this situation:
In the 18th century, the glass used in Europe was leading the world in glassware and optics because it had a uniform glass medium and ensured that the light would not refract in the medium without even density, affecting the optical performance. Craftsmen from other countries will always want to understand the reasons, but they have not been able to solve their mysteries. It wasn’t until the 20th century that this method was fully disclosed, that is, the constant heating of the glass in the heat, stirring constantly, and The angles and methods of stirring have their own special attention, but they do not know this, and it was difficult and breakthrough before.
There is also a true story that Suzuki Motorcycle, a well-known motorcycle manufacturer in Japan, has a joint venture manufacturing factory in China called Jiangmen Dachangjiang Suzuki Motorcycle Manufacturing Co., Ltd., which was established at the beginning of the construction of the Zhaoqing branch in China. A strange thing was encountered. One of their 250cc, 59hp motorcycle engines has only 55 horsepower in China, so the lost four horsepower didn't know where to go? The materials are the same. The production process is the same. It took a full year to implement TQM's rectification, and then slowly recovered the 4 horsepower differences. This involved a strict process specification. Quality control engineering is the place where industrial technology can't be sloppy.
Therefore, for the domestic RV reducer, it should be said that it can indeed be used, but its noise and heat is significantly higher than that of the imported brand Nabtesco's reducer, mechanical knows that the occurrence of noise and fever are some of them Poor gear meshing, excess friction and wear, internal stress, and machinery are not working in a normal working condition, such a mechanical life will not be long. Later they improved several times, reduced a lot, but still not reach the level of Nabo. Unlike electrical products, the failure and damage of mechanical components is not immediate, but a time-consuming process, even if it can be used now. No one can guarantee that after three months and six months of the year, whether it will be scrapped due to wear and tear, the cost of recalling or repairing thousands of products at that time would be daunting, so it is indeed not worth using.
2. The cost of manufacturing reducer equipment is very expensive, such as the United States Geller flat surface grinding machine, the inner surface of the hole with a round grinding, precision 0.5μ repositioning 0.3μ, said processing to 1μ, there is a grinding wheel library. The equivalent of RMB is close to ten million yuan. Without adequate production support, the amortization cost of his equipment was prohibitively high.
For this reason, the author looks for a segment of the reducer industry for everyone:
“I would like to ask if you have financed hundreds of millions of dollars. What are you planning to use?â€
"First of all, we have given loans to the suppliers who have defaulted on the payment of arrears and arrears of unpaid wages. Then we also bought a loan from Meghaler."
"What's left?"
The boss raised his head and spit a cigarette. "The rest, slowly..."
Although this paragraph is a bit funny, it reflects the true status quo of domestic reducers:
In fact, it is not only Mageler's grinding machine (magellan and Grinder flatbed grinders from Switzerland have long been known around the world. The brand's machine tools are recognized as the top machine tools and are known for their high chip rate and processing precision. Their versatility and versatility can satisfy turbines. Industry, automotive and aerospace, hydraulics, and energy sectors, as well as the day-to-day operations of machine manufacturing and tool manufacturing companies, wherever there are mechanical, ergonomic, and regulatory quality requirements This machine tool.) All equipment for production reducers, all managers must participate in the equipment amortization in a very small batch, the cost will not come. In contrast, the Nabtesco family almost monopolized the supply of gearboxes for large loads and large ratios of robots worldwide. No matter how much our batch is, it is only 1% of Nabo.
Therefore, this becomes a vicious cycle. The cost is worse than that of a foreign competitor with high performance but it is relatively cheap. The sales volume is certainly not high, and then it is impossible to realize the scale effect and achieve profitability. Without profit, there is no sufficient quantity without mass production. Resources for technological improvement Exploration and research and development, there is no way to form quality control without sufficient sales volume, and there is no way to improve technology and performance.
This is what we are talking about now, the technology-price cycle. It is not just the plight of the domestic robot reducer industry. It is also a dilemma faced by Chinese companies in the modern high-tech equipment industry represented by CNC machine tools and robots.
The method of cracking wheat spikes that the domestic reducer industry wants to break through, the next blood is positive, last week's wheat spike also said that the domestic servo motor breakthrough law:
1. At the national and enterprise level, investment resources and funds that do not include costs are required for research and development. This is also the most important;
2. Establish “Tsinghua Unisplendour†in the reducer industry when appropriate, open up the blood stream to the upstream and downstream of the industry chain;
3. Manufacturing giants reverse acquisition technology brand, similar to the United States to eat KUKA;
Chinese industrial practitioners still have a long way to go!
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